从国民经济报告看英文财经数据的翻译方法

升与降，高与低：

英文词语中关于经济数据下跌的描述有很多种，如fall, drop, be lower, slip等，更为严重的还有plummet和collapse等。微跌：slip, drop, down

Chinese stocks slipped in early trade, with Shanghai stocks dropping 0.7% and Hong Kong's Hang Seng down 1%.中国股市在早盘出现微跌。上证指数跌了0.7%，而香港恒生指数跌了1%。

Shares closed Friday at $74.73, down 0.5% on the day, 28% for the year to date and 20% for the past 52 weeks.周五股价报收74.73美元，当日跌幅0.5%，今年迄今为止跌幅28%，过去52周跌幅20%。

跌幅较大：plummet, collapse

The FTSE fell 1% while the Dow Jones plummeted 250 points and the price of Brent crude dropped to almost $48.5 a barrel, its lowest point this year.

英国富时指数（FTSE）下跌1%，道琼斯指数（Dow Jones）暴跌250点（约至17000点），而布伦特原油价格则跌至每桶48.5美元，创下年内最低。

达到某一数值，用介词to连接

Japan's Nikkei 225 fell 1.8% to 18,743.83 and Hong Kong's Hang Seng dropped 1.0% to 22,420.89.日本产经指数225下跌了1.8%，至18743.83点，香港恒生指数下跌了1%，至22420.89点。

表达增减的幅度，用介词by连接

After sizzling growth over the last couple of quarters, shares of Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba's(BABA) have fallen by over 16% over the past six months, with investors getting out after the company's most recent quarter.中国电商巨头阿里巴巴的股价经历几个季度的高速增长后在过去的六个月内下跌了16%，股民们都在最近一个月内撤资。

表示增减的具体数字：lose/gain

The Dow fell for the first time in seven days Tuesday, losing 49 points to 17,081. The S&P 500 lost 13 to 2003. The S&P has rebounded smartly, gaining about 7% since retesting its August low on Sept. 28.13日，道琼斯指数七日内首次下跌，收市报17081点，下跌了49点。标普500指数报收2003点，下跌了13点。自9月28日再一次跌至8月低值后，标普指数迅速回升并上涨7%。

Companies in the financial sector are expected to show an average 7.5% earnings gain, according to Thomson Reuters. The worst sectors are expected to be energy with a 65% earnings decline and materials, with earnings off by 20%. Consumer discretionary and telecom are seen to be the biggest gainers, with earnings growth of about 11% each.据汤森路透报道，金融行业的企业盈利收益率将达到平均7.5%，最糟糕的行业是能源行业，预计利润减少65%，而材料行业的利润下降20%。非必需消费品和电信行业的盈收益率最大，预计各将上涨接近11%。

同比：在财经词语中，同比是指与上一自然年度（或财年）的同一时期（如月或季度）相比较而得得出的增长或下降的比率。通常，表示同比时，可以用以下表达：

from the same period last year

compared to the previous year

from a year earlier

year-on-year

例句：The Hangzhou-based company reported revenue of $3.27 billion for its June quarter, an increase of 28% from the same period last year, down from a 40% year-on-year revenue increase in the previous quarter.阿里巴巴第一财季营收32.7亿美元，同比增长28%，较上一季度40%的增长有所下降。

The company's latest filing with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission reveals that the "average selling price" for the iPhone increased by 11% in 2015 compared to the previous year.苹果在向美国证券交易委员会提交的文件中显示，2015年，iPhone 的"平均售价"同比上涨了11%。

Industrial output in September rose 5.7% from a year earlier, compared with economists’ median estimate of 6%.九月，工业产值同比增长5.7%，经济学家预计的中位数为6%。

连续上涨和下滑：表示连续性的增长或下降，可以consecutive 或 in a row 以及in a straight months/years。另外，也可以直接用类似 a 17-month low/high的表达方式。例如：

Food prices fell by 2.5% in the year to September in the wake of continued supermarket price wars. This means that prices in the sector fell for the 15th month in a row.

由于超市价格战，9月份食品价格下跌2.5%。这意味着食品行业价格连续15个月下滑。

Spain's economy shrank for a seventh consecutive quarter between January and March as domestic demand slumped.由于国内需求暴跌，西班牙经济在第一季度出现连续七个季度的萎缩。

Today Microsoft announced that for the 25th consecutive month, its Xbox 360 console was the best selling device in its class.微软在今天宣布其Xbox 360持续25月在同类产品中实现销售第一。

Pound weakened against both the euro and the dollar, nearing a 17-month low against the dollar of $1.5188 and slipping 0.2% lower against the euro.英磅兑换欧元和美元走弱，美元的汇率接近17个月来的最低，为1：1.5188，与欧元的汇率则下跌了2%。

峰值和低谷：在某种趋势（momentum）达到了最高或是最低时，通常用highest或lowest来表示。

最低点：lowest 或 lowest level

Meanwhile, petrol prices fell by 3.7p per litre over the year, and diesel prices - at 110.2p per litre - are at their lowest in close to six years. There was also a fall in the price of household gas.

同时，汽油价格在过去的一年每升下跌3.7便士，柴油价格每升降至110.2便士，均接近六年来最低值。家用天然气价格也出现下跌。The Purchasing Managers UK Services PMI slipped to 55.8 in December, down from 58.6 in November, marking its lowest level since May.

英国服务业PMI指数从（2014年）11月的58.6下跌至12月的55.8，是五月以来最低点。

最高值/记录：用high、the highest或record high/level来表示。看例句，注意相关的动词搭配，

The stock has shed almost 45% since notching a high of $119.15 back in November.

与2014年11月接近119.15美元的高点相比，股价暴跌了45%。

Goldman's shares, which hit their highest since May 2008 on Wednesday, were down 0.3% at $200.53 in afternoon trading amid questions about whether the results were sustainable.4月15日上午，高盛的股价涨至自2008年5月以来新高，随后下午降至每股200.53美金（降0.3个百分点），人们纷纷议论这个结果是否维持得下去。

The Dow Jones Industrial Average surged to a new record level Tuesday, closing well above a peak set before the US economy entered a recession in 2007.道琼斯平均工业指数在周二达到新高，收盘时超过美国在2007年进入衰退前的最高指数。

描述增减的常用词汇： 表示增加

to add(to be) up；to build up to climb

to come up to enhance；to gain to go up

to grow to increase；to push up to rise

表示增长幅度很大

to jump 跃升to rocket 猛增

to shoot up 猛增to surge 大幅度上升

表示减少

(to be) down to bring down；to come down to cut

to decline to descend；to drop to fall

to do down to lessen；to lower to reduce

to retreat to slide；to slow down

表示减少的幅度很大

to plummet to plunge to collapse

一个特殊的知识点：4k-5k，7k-8k 、15k......千的英文明明是“thousand”，为什么“千”的单位不是“t”，而是“k”呢？这是因为如果用字母“t”（thousand）来表示的话，会容易产生误会。因为“t”也可能是“ton（吨）”呀。那为什么用“k”表示“千”呢？其实“k”代表的是一个前缀：kilo。中文就是“千”的意思。比如：kilogram（千克）、kilometer（千米）、kilobyte（千字节）。这个词来源于一个希腊的词语：χ?λιοι。写作：chilioi；也有写法是：khilioi。k之所以会被广泛使用，首先是因为外国是不用“万”来做单位；其次因为多数人的薪资都是处于以“k”做单位的水平。当需要表示“一万五”的薪酬的时候，直接用15k也更为方便简洁。‘k’还可以代表什么单位呢?黄金买卖中经常看到22k、24k，它代表的是黄金的纯度（gold purity），其中k代表karat（克拉）也写做carat。

接下来给大家介绍一些常见的计量单位。

长度计量单位

KM = Kilometer 千米 / 公里M = Meter 米Cm = Centimeter 厘米

Mm = Millimeter [‘m?l??mi:t?] 毫米

1 mile = 1英里 = 1600米1 yard = 1码 = 0.9米

1 foot = 1英尺 = 0.3米/30厘米1 inch = 1英寸 = 2.54厘米

液体计量单位

L = liter 升

0.5 L 啤酒 = 1 pint 品脱

1 L 啤酒 = 2 pints = 1 quart [kw??rt] 夸脱

4.5 L = 1 gallon ['ɡ?l?n] 加仑

kg = kilogram 千克1kg = 1000 grams 1000克

1斤 = 500 grams 500克

国新办前三季度经济运行发布会

Shou Xiaoli, Press Bureau of the SCIO:

女士们、先生们，大家上午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会。今天我们进行经济数据例行发布，非常高兴邀请到国家统计局国民经济综合统计司司长、新闻发言人毛盛勇先生，请他向大家介绍2019年前三季度国民经济运行情况，并回答大家的提问。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to this SCIO press conference where we are releasing China's economic data. We are pleased to welcome Mr. Mao Shengyong, spokesperson of the NBS and director general of the Department of Comprehensive Statistics at the NBS, to introduce details of the economic performance in the first three quarters of 2019 and answer some of your questions.

下面先请毛盛勇先生作介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Mao.

Mao:

谢谢主持人。女士们、先生们、各位记者朋友，大家上午好。我先给大家报告一下前三季度经济运行的基本情况，然后回答大家提问。

Thank you. Ladies, gentlemen, and media friends, good morning. I'll first give you a brief introduction of China's economic performance in the first three quarters of 2019, and then answer some of your questions.

前三季度国民经济运行总体平稳，结构调整稳步推进。

The national economy maintained overall stability and made steady progress in restructuring in the first three quarters of 2019.

前三季度，面对国内外风险挑战明显增多的复杂局面，在以Xi同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，各地区各部门认真贯彻党中央、国务院决策部署，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持新发展理念，持续深化供给侧结构性改革，加大逆周期调节力度，着力做好稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期工作，狠抓各项政策落实落地，国民经济运行总体平稳，经济结构持续优化，民生福祉不断改善。

Faced with mounting risks and challenges both at home and abroad, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee with Comrade Xi at the core, all regions and departments implemented the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhered to the general working guideline of making progress while maintaining stability, insisted on following the new development philosophy, continued to deepen supply-side structural reform, strengthened counter-cyclical adjustment, endeavored to maintain stability in such areas as employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment and market expectations, and spared no effort to implement various policies in an effective way. As a result, the national economy maintained overall stability, with an optimized economic structure and improving living standards.

初步核算，前三季度国内生产总值697798亿元，按可比价格计算，同比增长6.2%。分季度看，一季度增长6.4%，二季度增长6.2%，三季度增长6.0%。分产业看，第一产业增加值43005亿元，增长2.9%；第二产业增加值277869亿元，增长5.6%；第三产业增加值376925亿元，增长7.0%。

According to preliminary estimates, the gross domestic product (GDP) was 69.78 trillion yuan (about US$9.87 trillion) in the first three quarters, an increase of 6.2% at comparable prices year on year. Specifically, the growth rate was 6.4% in the first quarter, 6.2% in the second and 6% in the third. The added value achieved by the primary industry was 4.3 trillion yuan, up 2.9%; the secondary industry 27.79 trillion yuan, up 5.6%; and the tertiary industry 37.69 trillion yuan, up 7%.

一、农业生产形势较好，秋粮丰收在望

1. Agricultural production enjoyed sound growth with autumn grain expecting a good harvest.

全国夏粮早稻合计16801万吨，同比增加60.6万吨；秋粮生产总体较好，有望再获丰收，全年粮食总产量有望继续保持在6.5亿吨以上，实现增产。前三季度，种植业增加值同比增长4.3%。种植结构进一步优化，优质稻谷播种面积扩大，玉米面积调减，大豆面积增加。前三季度，禽蛋产量同比增长5.5%，牛奶产量增长2.5%；猪牛羊禽肉产量5508万吨，同比下降8.3%；其中禽肉、牛肉和羊肉产量分别为1539万吨、458万吨和330万吨，分别增长10.2%、3.2%和2.3%，猪肉产量3181万吨，下降17.2%。

The total output of summer grain and early rice totaled 168.01 million metric tons, a year-on-year increase of 606,000 metric tons. The autumn grain has been growing well and another good harvest is expected. Total grain output in 2019 is expected to be above 650 million metric tons and achieve an increase in production. In the first three quarters, the added value of crop farming grew 4.3% year on year. The planting structure was further optimized. The sown area of quality rice and soybean was increased, while that of corn was reduced. In the first three quarters, the output of eggs grew 5.5% year on year and that of milk 2.5%. The total output of pork, beef, mutton and poultry was 55.08 million metric tons, down 8.3% year on year. Specifically, the output of poultry, beef and mutton was 15.39 million metric tons, 4.58 million metric tons, and 3.3 million metric tons respectively, representing gains of 10.2%, 3.2% and 2.3%. Pork output was 31.81 million metric tons, down 17.2%.

二、工业生产持续发展，高技术制造业占比提高

2. Industrial production sustained growth with the proportion of high-tech manufacturing increasing.

前三季度，全国规模以上工业增加值同比增长5.6%。分经济类型看，国有控股企业增加值同比增长4.7%，股份制企业增长6.9%，外商及港澳台商投资企业增长1.4%。分三大门类看，采矿业增加值同比增长4.6%，制造业增长5.9%，电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业增长7.0%。工业战略性新兴产业增加值同比增长8.4%，增速快于规模以上工业2.8个百分点。高技术制造业增加值同比增长8.7%，增速快于规模以上工业3.1个百分点；占全部规模以上工业比重为14.1%，比上半年提高0.3个百分点。太阳能电池和新能源汽车产量同比分别增长25.1%和21.4%。9月份，全国规模以上工业增加值同比增长5.8%，增速比8月份加快1.4个百分点，环比增长0.72%。

The total added value of industrial enterprises above designated size grew 5.6% year on year in the first three quarters. An analysis by types of ownership showed that State-holding enterprises achieved growth of 4.7% year on year; that of shareholding enterprises was up 6.9%; and that of enterprises funded by foreign investors and investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan grew 1.4%. In terms of sectors, mining grew 4.6% year on year, manufacturing increased 5.9% and the production and supply of electricity, thermal power, gas and water increased 7%. The added value of strategic emerging industries grew 8.4% year on year, 2.8 percentage points higher than industrial enterprises above designated size. That of high-tech manufacturing grew 8.7% year on year, 3.1 percentage points higher than industrial enterprises above designated size, accounting for 14.1% of that achieved by industrial enterprises above designated size, which was 0.3 percentage point higher than the first half of 2019. The output of solar cells and new energy automobiles grew 25.1% and 21.4% respectively year on year. In September, the total added value of industrial enterprises above designated size rose 5.8% year on year, 1.4 percentage points higher than that of August, or up 0.72% month on month.

1-8月份，全国规模以上工业企业实现利润总额40164亿元，同比下降1.7%，降幅与1-7月持平；规模以上工业企业营业收入利润率为5.87%，与1-7月份持平。

In the first eight months, the profits made by industrial enterprises above designated size stood at 4.02 trillion yuan, down 1.7% year on year, the same figure as that of the first seven months. The profit margin of industrial enterprises above designated size was 5.87%, the same as that achieved in the first seven months.

三、服务业较快增长，现代服务业增势良好

3. The service sector continued to show fast growth with modern services maintaining good momentum of development.

前三季度，服务业继续保持较好发展势头。信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业，租赁和商务服务业，交通运输、仓储和邮政业，金融业增加值同比分别增长19.8%、8.0%、7.4%和7.1%，增速分别快于第三产业12.8、1.0、0.4和0.1个百分点。全国服务业生产指数同比增长7.0%，其中9月份增长6.7%，增速比8月份加快0.3个百分点。9月份，服务业商务活动指数为53.0%，比8月份上升0.5个百分点；服务业业务活动预期指数为59.3%，处于较高水平。

In the first three quarters, the service sector continued to maintain good growth momentum. The added value of information transmission, software and information technology services, leasing and business services, transport, storage and postal services, and financial intermediary services grew 19.8%, 8%, 7.4% and 7.1% respectively year on year. These figures were 12.8 percentage points, 1 percentage point, 0.4 percentage point and 0.1 percentage point higher than the level achieved by the tertiary sector as a whole. The Index of Services Production increased 7% year on year. Specifically, the Index of Services Production in September grew 6.7%, or 0.3 percentage point higher than that of August. In September, the business activity index for services stood at 53%, 0.5 percentage point higher than August. The business expectation index for services was 59.3%, thus remaining at a high level.

1-8月份，规模以上服务业企业营业收入同比增长9.5%，增速比1-7月份放缓0.1个百分点。其中，战略性新兴服务业、高技术服务业和科技服务业营业收入分别增长12.1%、11.9%和11.6%，增速分别快于全部规模以上服务业2.6、2.4和2.1个百分点，保持较快增长。

In the first eight months, the business revenue of service enterprises above designated size increased 9.5% year on year, 0.1 percentage point lower than in the first seven months. Specifically, the business revenue of strategic emerging services, high-tech and technology services grew 12.1%, 11.9% and 11.6% respectively year on year, 2.6 percentage points, 2.4 percentage points, and 2.1 percentage points higher than service enterprises above designated size, thus maintaining a pattern of fast growth.

四、市场销售稳定增长，升级类商品销售增长较快

4. Market sales witnessed steady growth with fast sales of upgraded consumer goods.

前三季度，社会消费品零售总额296674亿元，同比增长8.2%，扣除汽车后的社会消费品零售总额增长9.1%。按经营单位所在地分，城镇消费品零售额253524亿元，同比增长8.0%；

In the first three quarters, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 29.67 trillion yuan, a year-on-year gain of 8.2%. Retail sales of consumer goods excluding automobiles grew 9.1%. Retail sales in urban areas reached 25.35 trillion yuan, up 8% year on year; sales in rural areas stood at 4.32 trillion yuan, up 9%. Grouped by consumption patterns, the income of the catering industry was 3.26 trillion yuan, up 9.4%; the retail sales of goods totaled 26.41 trillion yuan, up 8%.

乡村消费品零售额43150亿元，增长9.0%。按消费类型分，餐饮收入32565亿元，增长9.4%；商品零售264109亿元，增长8.0%。消费升级类商品销售增长较快。前三季度，限额以上单位智能家用电器和音像器材、可穿戴智能设备零售额同比分别增长41.6%、11.1%。前三季度，全国居民人均消费支出15464元，同比增长8.3%。其中，人均服务性消费支出增长10.2%，增速快于居民人均消费支出1.9个百分点。9月份，社会消费品零售总额34495亿元，同比增长7.8%，增速比8月份加快0.3个百分点。

The sale of upgraded consumer goods witnessed fast growth. In the first three quarters, retail sales of smart household appliances and audio-video equipment, as well as wearable smart devices, by enterprises above designated size grew 41.6% and 11.1% respectively year on year. In the first three quarters, national per capita consumption expenditure of households was calculated at 15,464 yuan, a year-on-year growth of 8.3%. Specifically, the per capita consumption expenditure on services grew 10.2%, 1.9 percentage points higher than the overall figure for per capita consumption expenditure. In September, total retail sales of consumer goods reached 3.45 trillion yuan, a year-on-year rise of 7.8%, 0.3 percentage point higher than August.

前三季度，全国网上零售额73237亿元，同比增长16.8%。其中，实物商品网上零售额57777亿元，增长20.5%，占社会消费品零售总额的比重为19.5%。

In the first three quarters, online retail sales reached 7.32 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 16.8%. Specifically, the online retail sales of physical goods reached 5.78 trillion yuan, an increase of 20.5%, accounting for 19.5% of total consumer goods sales.

五、投资保持平稳增长，高技术产业投资增长较快

5. Investment maintained stable growth and investment in high-tech industries grew fast.

前三季度，全国固定资产投资（不含农户）461204亿元，同比增长5.4%。其中，民间投资264805亿元，增长4.7%。分产业看，第一产业投资下降2.1%；第二产业投资增长2.0%，其中制造业投资增长2.5%；第三产业投资增长7.2%，其中基础设施投资增长4.5%。高技术制造业投资同比增长12.6%，增速比全部投资快7.2个百分点；高技术服务业投资增长13.8%，增速比全部投资快8.4个百分点。

In the first three quarters, investment in fixed assets (excluding rural households) was 46.12 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 5.4%. Specifically, private investment reached 26.48 trillion yuan, up 4.7%. Investment in the primary industry dropped 2.1%; the secondary industry up 2%, of which, manufacturing increased 2.5%; the tertiary industry up 7.2%, of which, infrastructure grew 4.5%. Investment in high-tech manufacturing grew 12.6% year on year, 7.2 percentage points higher than that achieved in total investment; investment in high-tech services grew 13.8%, 8.4 percentage points higher than that of total investment.

前三季度，全国房地产开发投资98008亿元，同比增长10.5%。全国商品房销售面积119179万平方米，同比下降0.1%；全国商品房销售额111491亿元，增长7.1%。

In the first three quarters, total investment in real estate development was 9.8 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 10.5%. The floor space of commercial buildings sold was 1.19 billion square meters, down 0.1% year on year. The total sales of commercial buildings stood at 11.15 trillion yuan, up 7.1%.

六、进出口规模扩大，贸易结构不断优化

6. Imports and exports scaled up and the trade structure continued to optimize.

前三季度，货物进出口总额229145亿元，同比增长2.8%。其中，出口124803亿元，增长5.2%；进口104342亿元，下降0.1%。进出口相抵，顺差20462亿元，同比扩大44.2%。贸易方式结构进一步优化，一般贸易进出口增长4.8%，占进出口总额的比重为59.5%，比上年同期提高1.1个百分点；机电产品出口增长4.7%，占出口总额的比重为58.1%。民营企业进出口增长10.4%，占进出口总额的比重为42.3%，比上年同期提高2.9个百分点。9月份，进出口总额27826亿元，同比下降3.3%。其中，出口15289亿元，下降0.7%；进口12537亿元，下降6.2%。前三季度，规模以上工业企业实现出口交货值90913亿元，同比增长2.4%。

The total value of imports and exports of goods in the first three quarters was 22.91 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.8%. Specifically, the total value of exports was 12.48 trillion yuan, up 5.2%; total value of imports was 10.43 trillion yuan, down 0.1%. The trade balance was 2.05 trillion yuan in surplus, a year-on-year growth of 44.2%.

The trade structure was further optimized. The imports and exports of general trade grew 4.8%, accounting for 59.5% of the total value, 1.1 percentage points higher than that of the same period last year; the export of mechanical and electrical products grew 4.7%, accounting for 58.1% of the total export value. The imports and exports by private enterprises grew 10.4%, accounting for 42.3% of total value, 2.9 percentage points higher than the same period last year. In September, the total value of imports and exports was 2.78 trillion yuan, down 3.3% year on year. Of this total, the value of exports was 1.53 trillion yuan, down 0.7%; and that of imports was 1.25 trillion yuan, down 6.2%. In the first three quarters, the export delivery value of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 9.09 trillion yuan, up 2.4% year on year.

七、居民消费价格涨幅扩大，工业生产者价格同比持平

7. Growth of consumer price increased and the producer prices for industrial products maintained the same level year on year.

前三季度，全国居民消费价格同比上涨2.5%。其中，城市上涨2.4%，农村上涨2.6%。分类别看，食品烟酒价格同比上涨5.1%，衣着上涨1.8%，居住上涨1.7%，生活用品及服务上涨1.0%，交通和通信下降1.5%，教育文化和娱乐上涨2.4%，医疗保健上涨2.5%，其他用品和服务上涨3.0%。在食品烟酒价格中，粮食价格上涨0.5%，猪肉价格上涨21.3%，鲜菜价格上涨5.1%。扣除食品和能源价格后的核心CPI同比上涨1.7%，涨幅比上半年回落0.1个百分点。9月份，全国居民消费价格同比上涨3.0%，涨幅比上月扩大0.2个百分点；环比上涨0.9%。

In the first three quarters, the consumer price index rose 2.5% year on year. Specifically, there was a gain of 2.4% in urban areas and 2.6% in rural areas. Grouped by commodity categories, prices for food, tobacco and alcohol rose 5.1% year on year; clothing 1.8%; housing 1.7%; articles and services for daily use 1%. Prices for transportation and communication services fell 1.5%; education, culture and recreation rose 2.4%; medical services and health care up 2.5%; other articles and services grew 3%. In terms of food, tobacco and alcohol prices, grain prices went up 0.5%, pork up 21.3%, and fresh vegetables up 5.1%. The core CPI excluding the price of food and energy rose 1.7% year on year, 0.1 percentage point lower than that of the first half of 2019. In September, the consumer price index was 3% higher year on year, 0.2 percentage point higher than August, or up 0.9% month on month.

前三季度，全国工业生产者出厂价格同比持平。9月份，全国工业生产者出厂价格同比下降1.2%，环比上涨0.1%。前三季度，全国工业生产者购进价格同比下降0.3%。9月份，全国工业生产者购进价格同比下降1.7%，环比上涨0.2%。

The producer prices for industrial products in the first three quarters remained at the same level year on year. The producer prices for industrial products in September were down 1.2% year on year, or up 0.1% month on month. In the first three quarters, the purchase prices for industrial products dropped 0.3% year on year. In September, the figure was down 1.7% year on year, but up 0.2% month on month.

八、就业形势总体稳定，农村外出务工劳动力增加

8. Employment was generally stable and rural migrant workers increased.

前三季度，全国城镇新增就业1097万人，完成全年目标任务的99.7%。9月份，全国城镇调查失业率为5.2%，与上月持平。其中，25-59岁人口调查失业率为4.6%，低于全国城镇调查失业率0.6个百分点。31个大城市城镇调查失业率为5.2%，与上月持平。9月份，全国企业就业人员周平均工作时间为46.7小时。三季度末，农村外出务工劳动力总量18336万人，比上年同期增加201万人，增长1.1%。

In the first three quarters, newly increased employed people in urban areas totaled 10.97 million, accounting for 99.7% of the year's target. In September, the surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas was 5.2%, the same as the previous month. Specifically, the surveyed unemployment rate of population aged from 25 to 59 was 4.6%, 0.6 percentage point lower than the surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas. The urban surveyed unemployment rate in 31 major cities was 5.2%, the same as the previous month. In September, employees of enterprises worked an average of 46.7 hours per week. At the end of the third quarter, the number of rural migrant workers reached 183.36 million, 2.01 million more than the same period last year, and up 1.1%.

九、居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步，农村居民收入增长快于城镇居民

9. Resident income rose basically in step with economic growth and the income growth of rural residents outpaced that of urban residents.

前三季度，全国居民人均可支配收入22882元，同比名义增长8.8%，扣除价格因素实际增长6.1%，与经济增长基本同步。按常住地分，城镇居民人均可支配收入31939元，实际增长5.4%；农村居民人均可支配收入11622元，实际增长6.4%。城乡居民人均可支配收入比值为2.75，比上年同期缩小0.03。全国居民人均可支配收入中位数19882元，同比名义增长9.0%。

In the first three quarters, the nationwide per capita disposable income was 22,882 yuan, a nominal growth of 8.8% year on year, or a real growth of 6.1% after deducting price factors, basically in step with economic growth. In terms of permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban households was 31,939 yuan, a real growth of 5.4%. The per capita disposable income of rural households was 11,622 yuan, up 6.4% in real terms. The per capita disposable income of urban households was 2.75 times that of rural households, 0.03 less than the same period last year. The median level of nationwide per capita disposable income was 19,882 yuan, a nominal increase of 9% year on year.

十、重点改革任务扎实推进，经济结构调整优化

10. Key reforms achieved solid progress and the economic structure was adjusted and optimized.

供给侧结构性改革不断深化。三季度，全国工业产能利用率为76.4%，与二季度持平，其中计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业，化学原料和化学制品制造业产能利用率均比二季度提高1.1个百分点。9月末，全国商品房待售面积49346万平方米，比上月末减少438万平方米，比上年同期下降7.2%。8月末，规模以上工业企业资产负债率为56.8%，同比下降0.5个百分点。前三季度，生态保护和环境治理业、教育等短板领域投资同比分别增长40.0%和18.5%，分别比全部投资快34.6和13.1个百分点。

Supply-side structural reform continued to deepen. In the third quarter, the industrial capacity utilization rate nationwide reached 76.4%, the same as that of the second quarter. Specifically, the capacity utilization rates of both the manufacture of computers, communications and other electronic equipment and the manufacture of raw chemical materials and chemical products were 1.1 percentage points higher than the second quarter. By the end of September, the floor space of commercial buildings for sale was 493.46 million square meters, 4.38 million square meters less than a month earlier, and down 7.2% compared with the same period last year. The asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size at the end of August stood at 56.8%, 0.5 percentage point lower than the same period last year. In the first three quarters, investment in weak areas like ecological protection and treatment of environment pollution and education grew 40% and 18.5% respectively year on year, which was 34.6 percentage points and 13.1 percentage points higher than that of overall investment.

三大攻坚战扎实推进。8月末，全国地方政府债务余额214139亿元，控制在全国人大批准的限额之内。精准脱贫加力显效，贫困地区农村居民人均可支配收入保持较快增长。污染防治持续推进。初步核算，前三季度，天然气、水电、核电、风电等清洁能源消费量占能源消费总量的比重比上年同期提高1.2个百分点，单位国内生产总值能耗同比下降2.7%。

Solid efforts were made to advance the "three critical battles" of preventing and defusing financial risks, conducting targeted poverty eradication and controlling pollution. At the end of August, the balance of local government debt stood at 21.41 trillion yuan, which was within the limit approved by the National People's Congress. Efforts on targeted poverty eradication were enhanced and more effects were delivered, with the per capita disposable income for rural households in impoverished areas maintaining fast growth. The work of pollution prevention and control was continuously advanced. According to preliminary estimates, in the first three quarters, the share of consumption of clean energy such as natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power and wind power in total energy consumption was 1.2 percentage points higher than the same period last year. The energy consumption per unit GDP went down 2.7% year on year.

经济结构调整优化。前三季度，第三产业增加值占国内生产总值比重为54.0%，比上年同期提高0.6个百分点，比第二产业高14.2个百分点；第三产业增长对国内生产总值增长的贡献率为60.6%，高于第二产业24.3个百分点；规模以上工业中战略性新兴产业和高技术产业保持快速增长。最终消费支出增长对经济增长的贡献率为60.5%。在全部居民最终消费支出中，服务消费占比为50.6%，比上年同期提高0.7个百分点。重大区域战略稳步推进，区域协调联动发展的新格局正在形成。

The economic structure was adjusted and optimized. In the first three quarters, the added value achieved by the tertiary sector accounted for 54% of GDP — 0.6 percentage point higher than last year, and 14.2 percentage points higher than that of the secondary industry — contributing 60.6% to GDP growth, 24.3 percentage points higher than the secondary industry. Of industrial enterprises above designated size, strategic emerging industries and high-tech industries maintained fast growth. The contribution of final consumption expenditure to GDP growth was 60.5%. Service consumption took up 50.6% of households' final consumption expenditure, 0.7 percentage point higher than the same period last year. Steady progress was recorded in implementing major regional development strategies and a new pattern of coordinated and integrated regional development is taking shape.

总的来看，前三季度国民经济运行总体平稳。但也要看到，当前国内外经济形势依然复杂严峻，全球经济增长放缓，外部不稳定不确定因素增多，国内经济下行压力较大。下一步，要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，增强紧迫感和责任感，集中精力办好自己的事，抓好发展这个第一要务，把稳增长、保持经济运行在合理区间放在更加突出的位置，进一步向改革开放创新要动力，从拓宽国内市场需求挖潜力，以改善民生为导向培育新的有效投资和消费需求，增强经济发展韧性，顶住经济下行压力，统筹做好稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险、保稳定各项工作，促进经济持续健康发展。谢谢。

Generally speaking, the national economy maintained overall stability in the first three quarters. However, we must be aware that given the complicated and severe economic conditions both at home and abroad, slowing global economic growth, and increasing external instability and uncertainties, the economy is under mounting downward pressure. In the next stage, under the guidance of the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we should heighten the sense of urgency and responsibility, focus on running our own affairs well, take development as the top priority, and place stable growth and reasonable range of economic development in a more prominent position. We should seek impetus from reform and opening up as well as innovation, tap the potential by expanding domestic market demands, foster new effective investment and consumer demands to improve living standards, boost the resilience of development, withstand downward pressures, and take coordinated steps to achieve steady growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, guard against risks and maintain stability, so as to facilitate sustained and sound economic development. Thank you.

谢谢毛司长。下面进入提问环节，提问前请通报所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Mao. Now the floor is open for questions. Please identify the news outlet you represent before asking questions.